Vandenbergh started his career for SK Lierse. In 1980 (39 goals), 1981 (24 goals) and 1982 (25 goals), he became the best striker in the Belgian league. In 1980, he was also elected as best European striker of the year. He won the Golden Shoe in 1981.

Vandenbergh already had a rich career when he left to Anderlecht in 1982. During the season '82-'83, he scored 20 goals and became the best striker in the league again. Vandenbergh also won the UEFA Cup with Anderlecht one year later.

After the resignation of trainer Van Himst, Vandenbergh knew many ups and downs. Coach Arie Haan only played with one striker. In 1986, he became agains Belgium's best striker with 27 goals, but then he left for the French club Lille OSC.

In 1991, he returned to Belgium and played for AA Gent. Again, he became Belgium's best striker, already for the sixth time, with 23 goals.

Erwin Vandenbergh played many international goals. He became famous thanks to his goal on the World Cup of 1982 against Argentina.